Learn/Equipment/Hand Tools
Equipment

Hand Tools

60+ hand tools with descriptions organized by category — forcible entry, cutting, striking, prying, and more.

01

Forcible Entry

Battering Ram
Forcible entry breaching tool. Rounded end for ramming doors. Forked end for ramming concrete/masonry.
Door Spreader
Forcible entry tool. A mechanical or hydraulic device used to spread the door jamb apart enough for the door to open.
Duckbill Lock Breaker
Forcible entry padlock breaking tool. Breaks the strongest padlock when placed in the shackle and struck with a maul or flat-head axe. 18" handle keeps hands safely away from the striking zone. Bottom of handle is for gas shut-off.
Flat-Head Axe
8 lb. forcible entry tool. A working axe designed for short striking strokes on a Halligan or padlock breaker. Larger 1.5" x 3.5" hitting surface. Cutting edge is annealed (hardened). Head also acts as a wedge for door control and leverage.
Halligan Bar
A multipurpose tool for prying, twisting, punching, or striking. Consists of a claw (fork), blade (wedge/adze), and tapered pick. Used to breach locked doors, break padlocks, provide roof footholds, shut off gas meters, and vehicle extrication.
The Irons
The Halligan bar and flat-head axe joined together (partially interlocked, head-to-toe). Also known as a married set or set of irons.
Pick-Head Axe
Forcible entry tool used for chopping and battering.
Rex Tool
Forcible entry lock pulling tool. U-shaped with sharp tapered blades that bite into lock cylinders of all shapes and sizes. Opposite end is a chisel for driving rim locks. 24" long with two lock operating key tools and handle storage.
Shove Knife
Forcible entry tool. The fastest, damage-free means of opening residential/office interior doors with key-in-the-knob locks. Inward doors: shove behind molding stop to retract latch. Outward doors: slip from above latch point, jiggle and pull.
02

Cutting

Bolt Cutters
Forcible entry cutting tool. Used for cutting locks, chain links, reinforced rods, bolts, and rivets.
Cable Cutters
Used to cut cable wires during ceiling collapse, RIT operations entanglement, electrical emergencies, and removing power from auto battery cables.
Carpet Knife (Skinner's knife)
Used for cutting various materials.
Diagonal Cutter (Wire cutters, diagonal cutting pliers)
Used for cutting wire.
Hacksaw
A fine-tooth hand saw with blade held under tension in a frame, used for cutting metal or plastic.
Sheet Metal Cutters (Aviation shears, tin snips)
Used to cut sheet metal.
Utility Knife (Box cutter)
Small folding or retractable-blade knife for various cutting uses.
03

Striking

Ball-Peen Hammer (Ball-pein hammer, machinist's hammer)
Used for metalworking and striking.
Blacksmith Hammer (Bricklayer's hammer)
Used for bending and forming heated metals.
Claw Hammer
Used for pounding nails into, or extracting nails from objects.
Gad
A short spike or chisel-like tool. Used in the fire service to break sidewalk vault lights (deadlights).
Pick Mall
Used to break asphalt away from around a hydrant valve cover or manhole cover.
Rubber Mallet
Used when a softer blow is needed than that delivered by a metal hammer. Typically used in fire service for forcing tight-fitting parts and checking for flat tires.
Sledge Hammer
Used to apply and distribute force. Used in forcible entry as a standalone tool and in conjunction with other tools. Also used for breaching through walls, floors, and concrete.
04

Prying & Leverage

Come Along Winch
Portable ratcheting winch or cable puller.
Crowbar (Wrecking bar, pry bar, jimmy bar)
A metal bar with a single curved end and flattened points, often with a small fissure on one or both ends for removing nails. Used as a lever to force apart two objects, remove nails, pry apart boards.
Hayward Hook (Claw tool)
Used for forcible entry and prying.
Hydraulic Bottle Jack
Portable hydraulic device used to lift very heavy objects, including buildings. Operates in vertical or horizontal position. Available in various sizes.
Johnson Bar
A very large lever used to move extremely heavy objects. Used in the Oakland Key System (rail transit) to move derailed street cars.
Pike Pole
Long metal-topped wood or fiberglass pole used for reaching, holding, or pulling. In fire service: pull down ceiling and walls, ventilation (break windows and punch holes in roof).
Pry Bar (Spud bar)
A long straight metal bar used as a hand tool to deliver blows to a target or as a lever to move heavy objects.
Rubbish Hook (Trash hook)
Used to find hidden fire in deep-seated smoldering fires normally found in dumps, dumpsters, or debris piles.
Scissor Jack
Portable mechanical device using a screw thread to apply very high linear forces. Used to lift heavy loads. Available in various sizes.
Roof Hook (Z-hook)
Used to open ceilings, walls, floors, moldings and casings for rapid removal of wood, lath and plaster, tin and sheet metal, plasterboard, fiberboard and sheetrock.
05

Plumbing & Water

Pipe Wrench (Stillson wrench)
An adjustable wrench used for turning soft iron pipes and fittings with a rounded surface. Jaw rocks in frame so forward pressure pulls jaws tighter. Teeth angled in direction of turn dig into soft pipe.
Strap Wrench
A type of wrench that grips an object via a strap being pulled in tension around it. Used to fasten or loosen smooth surface pipes.
Domestic Water Shut Off
Used to shut off water to a property at the sidewalk.
06

Gripping

Adjustable Pliers / Channel Locks
Tongue-and-groove slip-joint pliers. Used for gripping.
Lineman Plier (Combination pliers)
Used for gripping, twisting, bending and cutting wire and cable. Gripping joint at nose and cutting edge in craw.
Needle Nose Plier (Long-nose pliers, pinch-nose pliers, snipe nose pliers)
Used for cutting, gripping and bending wire. Long gripping nose provides excellent control and reach for work in small areas.
Pliers
Used to hold objects firmly, and to bend and compress a wide range of materials.
Vise Grips (Locking pliers, mole grips)
Pliers that can be locked into position using an over-center action. One handle has a bolt to adjust jaw spacing, the other has a lever to unlock. Available in many configurations and sizes.
07

Wildland

Backpump
5 gallon bladder backpack with single action trombone pump. Weighs approximately 48 lbs when filled. Used in areas remote and inaccessible to engines for fire control and during mop up.
Pulaski
Wildland cutting and grubbing/trenching tool. Reinvented in 1911 by Ed Pulaski, US Forest Service. Combines axe bit with adze-shaped grub hoe on a 36" wood or fiberglass handle. Used to grub and chop duff, loosen dirt, cut through roots, and cut brush.
McLeod
Wildland scraping and raking tool. A combination heavy-duty rake and hoe for clearing fire lines in matted litter and duff. Teeth for raking, sharpened hoe edge for cutting branches and sod. Carried with tines toward the ground, sheath over cutting edge.
Rogue Hoe
Built from recycled agricultural disc blades. 5.5" head, 40" curved hickory handle. For clearing fire lines. Sharp head cuts trees up to 1" diameter and large weeds.
Wildland Round Point Shovel
Specifically designed for wildland firefighting. Head has highly sharpened edges. Used as a cutting, digging, and scraping tool.
08

Specialty

Cellar Nozzle (Distributor nozzle)
Used to extinguish inaccessible below-grade fires (basements, cellars, vaults). Ball bearing revolving action. Variable angle orifices. 600 gpm.
Fuse Puller
Used for removing or replacing cartridge-type fuses.
Glas-Master
Extrication tool. Developed to expedite removal of all vehicular glass while reducing risk of trauma to the patient. Includes window punch for side windows and spike end to penetrate windshield for saw insertion.
Sprinkler Head Wrench
Used to remove and replace damaged sprinkler heads.
09

Hydrant

Buckner Fitting
A brass fitting fastened into a roadside irrigation valve that provides a garden hose connection for a water supply.
Gate Valve Shut Off
Used to shut off water at the water main and hydrant valves.
Hydrant Scoop
A small metal scoop attached to a long metal pole. Used to clear debris from around the underground hydrant valve so the gate valve shut-off tool can be fastened.
Hydrant Shield
A rounded shield used to redirect water from a sheared hydrant to the hydrant valve cover on the ground. Used when the hydrant valve is close to the hydrant.
10

General

Allen Wrench (Hex key, Allen key)
A tool of hexagonal cross-section used to drive bolts and screws that have hexagonal sockets in the head.
Combination Wrench (Spanner wrench, open-end wrench, box end wrench)
A tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn rotary fasteners such as nuts and bolts.
Adjustable / Crescent Wrench (Open ended adjustable wrench)
Used as an adjustable wrench.
Flat-Head Shovel
Used for overhaul and debris removal.
Floor Squeegee
Used to move high volumes of water, liquid, slush, and dry material.
Hammer Tacker
Strikes like a hammer, automatically driving a staple with each blow. Used commonly to fasten visqueen plastic sheeting.
Monkey Wrench (Gas grips)
An adjustable wrench with smooth jaws.
Pitch Fork
An agricultural tool with a long handle and long, thin, widely separated pointed tines. Used to lift and pitch loose materials such as hay or leaves.
Scoop Shovel
Used to scoop up fairly loose dirt or material that does not need groundbreaking force.
Staple Gun
Easy squeeze double leverage operation drives staples. Used commonly to fasten visqueen plastic sheeting.